A label-free quantification method for assessing sex from modern and ancient bovine tooth enamel

Paula Kotli; David Morgenstern; Fanny Bocquentin; Hamoudi Khalaily; Liora Kolska Horwitz; Elisabetta Boaretto

doi:10.1038/s41598-024-68603-4

A label-free quantification method for assessing sex from modern and ancient bovine tooth enamel

Paula Kotli^*, David Morgenstern, Fanny Bocquentin, Hamoudi Khalaily, Liora Kolska Horwitz, Elisabetta Boaretto^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Identification of the sex of modern, fossil and archaeological animal remains offers many insights into their demography, mortality profiles and domestication pathways. However, due to many-factors, sex determination of osteological remains is often problematic. To overcome this, we have developed an innovative protocol to determine an animal’s sex from tooth enamel, by applying label-free quantification (LFQ) of two unique AmelY peptides ‘LRYPYP’ (AmelY;[M+2]2+ 404.7212 m/z) and ‘LRYPYPSY’ (AmelY;[M+2]2+ 529.7689 m/z) that are only present in the enamel of males. We applied this method to eight modern cattle (Bos taurus) of known sex, and correctly assigned them to sex. We then applied the same protocol to twelve archaeological Bos teeth from the Neolithic site of Beisamoun, Israel (8-th–7-th millennium BC) and determined the sex of the archaeological samples. Since teeth are usually better preserved than bones, this innovative protocol has potential to facilitate sex determination in ancient and modern bovine remains that currently cannot be sexed.

Original language	English
Article number	18195
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	14
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68603-4
Publication status	Published Online - 6 Aug 2024

Bibliographical note

P.K.'s fellowship was supported by the Helen and Martin Kimmel Center for Archaeological Science. We wish to thank George Schwartzman Fund for the laboratory and funding support for the material analysis. E.B. is the incumbent of the Dangoor Professorial Chair of Archaeological Sciences at the Weizmann Institute of Science.

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© The Author(s) 2024.

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abstract = "Identification of the sex of modern, fossil and archaeological animal remains offers many insights into their demography, mortality profiles and domestication pathways. However, due to many-factors, sex determination of osteological remains is often problematic. To overcome this, we have developed an innovative protocol to determine an animal{\textquoteright}s sex from tooth enamel, by applying label-free quantification (LFQ) of two unique AmelY peptides {\textquoteleft}LRYPYP{\textquoteright} (AmelY;[M+2]2+ 404.7212 m/z) and {\textquoteleft}LRYPYPSY{\textquoteright} (AmelY;[M+2]2+ 529.7689 m/z) that are only present in the enamel of males. We applied this method to eight modern cattle (Bos taurus) of known sex, and correctly assigned them to sex. We then applied the same protocol to twelve archaeological Bos teeth from the Neolithic site of Beisamoun, Israel (8-th–7-th millennium BC) and determined the sex of the archaeological samples. Since teeth are usually better preserved than bones, this innovative protocol has potential to facilitate sex determination in ancient and modern bovine remains that currently cannot be sexed.",

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AU - Boaretto, Elisabetta

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A label-free quantification method for assessing sex from modern and ancient bovine tooth enamel

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