Abstract
Fractional quantum Hall states have long been predicted to be a testing ground of fractional—anyonic—exchange statistics. These topological states, which can have either an Abelian or non-Abelian character, harbour quasiparticles with fractional charges. The charge of the quasiparticles can be measured by shot noise measurements, whereas their quantum statistics can be revealed by appropriate interference experiments. The multipath Fabry–Pérot electronic interferometer is easier to fabricate, but it is often plagued by Coulomb interactions, area breathing with the magnetic field and fluctuating charges. Yet, recent experiments with an adequately screened Fabry–Pérot interferometer allowed the observation of anyonic interference at a bulk filling factor of ν = 1/3. Here we demonstrate the interference and braiding of anyons in an interaction-free two-path Mach–Zehnder interferometer tuned to bulk filling of ν = 2/5 with an outermost ν = 1/3 edge mode. Interference with this mode reveals a phase dependence that corresponds to the predicted anyonic braiding. This proves that a Mach–Zehnder interferometer is a powerful tool that probes the quantum statistics of complex anyonic states.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 515-521 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Nature Physics |
| Volume | 19 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Apr 2023 |
Bibliographical note
We acknowledge M. Banerjee, A. Das, D. E. Feldman, Y. Gefen, I. Neder and A. Stern for useful discussions, and the continuous support of the Sub-Micron Center staff. M.H. acknowledges support from the European Research Council under the European Community’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC under grant agreement no. 713351 and the Minerva foundation under grant no. 713534.All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- General Physics and Astronomy