TY - JOUR
T1 - Long-rising Type II Supernovae in the Zwicky Transient Facility Census of the Local Universe
AU - Sit, Tawny
AU - Kasliwal, Mansi M.
AU - Tzanidakis, Anastasios
AU - De, Kishalay
AU - Fremling, Christoffer
AU - Sollerman, Jesper
AU - Gal-Yam, Avishay
AU - Miller, Adam A.
AU - Adams, Scott
AU - Aloisi, Robert
AU - Andreoni, Igor
AU - Chu, Matthew
AU - Cook, David
AU - Das, Kaustav Kashyap
AU - Dugas, Alison
AU - Groom, Steven L.
AU - Ho, Anna Y.Q.
AU - Karambelkar, Viraj
AU - Neill, James D.
AU - Masci, Frank J.
AU - Medford, Michael S.
AU - Purdum, Josiah
AU - Sharma, Yashvi
AU - Smith, Roger
AU - Stein, Robert
AU - Yan, Lin
AU - Yao, Yuhan
AU - Zhang, Chaoran
PY - 2023/12/15
Y1 - 2023/12/15
N2 - SN 1987A was an unusual hydrogen-rich core-collapse supernova originating from a blue supergiant star. Similar blue supergiant explosions remain a small family of events, and are broadly characterized by their long rises to peak. The Zwicky Transient Facility Census of the Local Universe (CLU) experiment aims to construct a spectroscopically complete sample of transients occurring in galaxies from the CLU galaxy catalog. We identify 13 long-rising (>40 days) Type II supernovae from the volume-limited CLU experiment during a 3.5 yr period from 2018 June to 2021 December, approximately doubling the previously known number of these events. We present photometric and spectroscopic data of these 13 events, finding peak r-band absolute magnitudes ranging from −15.6 to −17.5 mag and the tentative detection of Ba ii lines in nine events. Using our CLU sample of events, we derive a long-rising Type II supernova rate of 1.37 − 0.30 + 0.26 × 10 − 6 Mpc−3 yr−1, ≈1.4% of the total core-collapse supernova rate. This is the first volumetric rate of these events estimated from a large, systematic, volume-limited experiment.
AB - SN 1987A was an unusual hydrogen-rich core-collapse supernova originating from a blue supergiant star. Similar blue supergiant explosions remain a small family of events, and are broadly characterized by their long rises to peak. The Zwicky Transient Facility Census of the Local Universe (CLU) experiment aims to construct a spectroscopically complete sample of transients occurring in galaxies from the CLU galaxy catalog. We identify 13 long-rising (>40 days) Type II supernovae from the volume-limited CLU experiment during a 3.5 yr period from 2018 June to 2021 December, approximately doubling the previously known number of these events. We present photometric and spectroscopic data of these 13 events, finding peak r-band absolute magnitudes ranging from −15.6 to −17.5 mag and the tentative detection of Ba ii lines in nine events. Using our CLU sample of events, we derive a long-rising Type II supernova rate of 1.37 − 0.30 + 0.26 × 10 − 6 Mpc−3 yr−1, ≈1.4% of the total core-collapse supernova rate. This is the first volumetric rate of these events estimated from a large, systematic, volume-limited experiment.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85180612274&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ad036f
DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ad036f
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85180612274
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 959
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
IS - 2
M1 - 142
ER -