Precision nutrition for cardiometabolic diseases

Marta Guasch-Ferré; Clemens Wittenbecher; Marie Palmnäs; Orly Ben-Yacov; Ellen E. Blaak; Christina C. Dahm; Tove Fall; Berit L. Heitmann; Tine R. Licht; Marie Löf; Ruth Loos; Chirag J. Patel; Carmelo Quarta; Leanne M. Redman; Eran Segal; Nicola Segata; Michael Snyder; Qi Sun; Deirdre K. Tobias; Frank B. Hu; Paul W. Franks; Rikard Landberg; Jennifer L. Sargent; Jordi Merino

doi:10.1038/s41591-025-03669-9

Precision nutrition for cardiometabolic diseases

Marta Guasch-Ferré^*, Clemens Wittenbecher, Marie Palmnäs, Orly Ben-Yacov, Ellen E. Blaak, Christina C. Dahm, Tove Fall, Berit L. Heitmann, Tine R. Licht, Marie Löf, Ruth Loos, Chirag J. Patel, Carmelo Quarta, Leanne M. Redman, Eran Segal, Nicola Segata, Michael Snyder, Qi Sun, Deirdre K. Tobias, Frank B. HuPaul W. Franks, Rikard Landberg, Jennifer L. Sargent, Jordi Merino^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Precision nutrition is a vibrant and rapidly evolving field of scientific research and innovation with the potential to deliver health, societal and economic benefits by improving healthcare delivery and policies. Advances in deep phenotyping technologies, digital tools and artificial intelligence have made possible early proof-of-concept research that expands the understanding of within- and between-person variability in responses to diet. These studies illustrate the promise of precision nutrition to complement the traditional ‘one size fits all’ dietary guidelines, which, while considering broad life-stage and disease-specific nutritional requirements, often lack the granularity to account fully for individual variations in nutritional needs and dietary responses. Despite these developments, however, considerable challenges remain before precision nutrition can be implemented on a broader scale. This Review examines the current state of precision nutrition research, with a focus on its application to reducing the incidence and burden of cardiometabolic diseases. We critically examine the evidence base, explore the potential benefits and discuss the challenges and opportunities ahead.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1444-1453
Number of pages	10
Journal	Nature Medicine
Volume	31
Issue number	5
Early online date	30 Apr 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03669-9
Publication status	Published - May 2025

Funding

The visual designer S.H. Nielsen (Copenhagen, Denmark) generated a preliminary version of the figures. M.G.-F., R. Loos and J.M. were supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation grant NNF23SA0084103. M.G.-F. was additionally supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation grant NNF24OC0095435. J.M. was additionally supported by grants from the EFSD/Novo Nordisk Foundation Future Leaders Award (no. 0094134) and the European Union (HORIZON-EIC-2023-PATHFINDERCHALLENGES-01-101161509). Views and opinions expressed are, however, those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or European Innovation Council and SMEs Executive Agency (EISMEA). Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them. R. Loos was additionally supported by personal grants from the Novo Nordisk Foundation (Laureate award no. NNF20OC0059313) and the Danish National Research Fund (Chair DNRF161). C.W. was supported by the SciLifeLab & Wallenberg Data Driven Life Science Program (grant KAW 2020.0239) and the Swedish Research Council (2022-01529_VR). P.W.F. was supported by grants from the European Commission (ERC-CoG_NASCENT-681742), the Swedish Research Council (#2019-01348) and the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (LUDC-IRC, 15-0067). T.R.L. was supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation grant NNF19OC0056246. C.Q. was supported by the European Research Council (ERCcog project 101124230—Ghostbuster), the University of Bordeaux (GPR BRAIN_2030) and Agencie Nationale Recherche (ANR-20-CE14-0046 NeuroIDObese, ANR-24-CE16-5198 NeuroEndoFate). The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management and interpretation; preparation, review or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology

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10.1038/s41591-025-03669-9

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Guasch-Ferré, M., Wittenbecher, C., Palmnäs, M., Ben-Yacov, O., Blaak, E. E., Dahm, C. C., Fall, T., Heitmann, B. L., Licht, T. R., Löf, M., Loos, R., Patel, C. J., Quarta, C., Redman, L. M., Segal, E., Segata, N., Snyder, M., Sun, Q., Tobias, D. K., ... Merino, J. (2025). Precision nutrition for cardiometabolic diseases. Nature Medicine, 31(5), 1444-1453. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03669-9

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title = "Precision nutrition for cardiometabolic diseases",

abstract = "Precision nutrition is a vibrant and rapidly evolving field of scientific research and innovation with the potential to deliver health, societal and economic benefits by improving healthcare delivery and policies. Advances in deep phenotyping technologies, digital tools and artificial intelligence have made possible early proof-of-concept research that expands the understanding of within- and between-person variability in responses to diet. These studies illustrate the promise of precision nutrition to complement the traditional {\textquoteleft}one size fits all{\textquoteright} dietary guidelines, which, while considering broad life-stage and disease-specific nutritional requirements, often lack the granularity to account fully for individual variations in nutritional needs and dietary responses. Despite these developments, however, considerable challenges remain before precision nutrition can be implemented on a broader scale. This Review examines the current state of precision nutrition research, with a focus on its application to reducing the incidence and burden of cardiometabolic diseases. We critically examine the evidence base, explore the potential benefits and discuss the challenges and opportunities ahead.",

author = "Marta Guasch-Ferr{\'e} and Clemens Wittenbecher and Marie Palmn{\"a}s and Orly Ben-Yacov and Blaak, \{Ellen E.\} and Dahm, \{Christina C.\} and Tove Fall and Heitmann, \{Berit L.\} and Licht, \{Tine R.\} and Marie L{\"o}f and Ruth Loos and Patel, \{Chirag J.\} and Carmelo Quarta and Redman, \{Leanne M.\} and Eran Segal and Nicola Segata and Michael Snyder and Qi Sun and Tobias, \{Deirdre K.\} and Hu, \{Frank B.\} and Franks, \{Paul W.\} and Rikard Landberg and Sargent, \{Jennifer L.\} and Jordi Merino",

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year = "2025",

month = may,

doi = "10.1038/s41591-025-03669-9",

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Guasch-Ferré, M, Wittenbecher, C, Palmnäs, M, Ben-Yacov, O, Blaak, EE, Dahm, CC, Fall, T, Heitmann, BL, Licht, TR, Löf, M, Loos, R, Patel, CJ, Quarta, C, Redman, LM, Segal, E, Segata, N, Snyder, M, Sun, Q, Tobias, DK, Hu, FB, Franks, PW, Landberg, R, Sargent, JL & Merino, J 2025, 'Precision nutrition for cardiometabolic diseases', Nature Medicine, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 1444-1453. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03669-9

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AU - Guasch-Ferré, Marta

AU - Wittenbecher, Clemens

AU - Palmnäs, Marie

AU - Ben-Yacov, Orly

AU - Blaak, Ellen E.

AU - Dahm, Christina C.

AU - Fall, Tove

AU - Heitmann, Berit L.

AU - Licht, Tine R.

AU - Löf, Marie

AU - Loos, Ruth

AU - Patel, Chirag J.

AU - Quarta, Carmelo

AU - Redman, Leanne M.

AU - Segal, Eran

AU - Segata, Nicola

AU - Snyder, Michael

AU - Sun, Qi

AU - Tobias, Deirdre K.

AU - Hu, Frank B.

AU - Franks, Paul W.

AU - Landberg, Rikard

AU - Sargent, Jennifer L.

AU - Merino, Jordi

PY - 2025/5

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N2 - Precision nutrition is a vibrant and rapidly evolving field of scientific research and innovation with the potential to deliver health, societal and economic benefits by improving healthcare delivery and policies. Advances in deep phenotyping technologies, digital tools and artificial intelligence have made possible early proof-of-concept research that expands the understanding of within- and between-person variability in responses to diet. These studies illustrate the promise of precision nutrition to complement the traditional ‘one size fits all’ dietary guidelines, which, while considering broad life-stage and disease-specific nutritional requirements, often lack the granularity to account fully for individual variations in nutritional needs and dietary responses. Despite these developments, however, considerable challenges remain before precision nutrition can be implemented on a broader scale. This Review examines the current state of precision nutrition research, with a focus on its application to reducing the incidence and burden of cardiometabolic diseases. We critically examine the evidence base, explore the potential benefits and discuss the challenges and opportunities ahead.

AB - Precision nutrition is a vibrant and rapidly evolving field of scientific research and innovation with the potential to deliver health, societal and economic benefits by improving healthcare delivery and policies. Advances in deep phenotyping technologies, digital tools and artificial intelligence have made possible early proof-of-concept research that expands the understanding of within- and between-person variability in responses to diet. These studies illustrate the promise of precision nutrition to complement the traditional ‘one size fits all’ dietary guidelines, which, while considering broad life-stage and disease-specific nutritional requirements, often lack the granularity to account fully for individual variations in nutritional needs and dietary responses. Despite these developments, however, considerable challenges remain before precision nutrition can be implemented on a broader scale. This Review examines the current state of precision nutrition research, with a focus on its application to reducing the incidence and burden of cardiometabolic diseases. We critically examine the evidence base, explore the potential benefits and discuss the challenges and opportunities ahead.

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DO - 10.1038/s41591-025-03669-9

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AN - SCOPUS:105003943828

SN - 1078-8956

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SP - 1444

EP - 1453

JO - Nature Medicine

JF - Nature Medicine

IS - 5

ER -

Precision nutrition for cardiometabolic diseases

Abstract

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