Scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading cryogen-free dilution refrigerator

Haibiao Zhou; Nadav Auerbach; Indranil Roy; Matan Bocarsly; Martin E Huber; Barun Barick; Arnab Pariari; Markus Hücker; Zhi Shiuh Lim; A Ariando; Alexey I Berdyugin; Na Xin; Michael Rappaport; Yuri Myasoedov; Eli Zeldov

doi:10.1063/5.0142073

Scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading cryogen-free dilution refrigerator

Haibiao Zhou, Nadav Auerbach, Indranil Roy, Matan Bocarsly, Martin E Huber, Barun Barick, Arnab Pariari, Markus Hücker, Zhi Shiuh Lim, A Ariando, Alexey I Berdyugin, Na Xin, Michael Rappaport, Yuri Myasoedov, Eli Zeldov^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

The scanning superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) fabricated on the tip of a sharp quartz pipette (SQUID-on-tip) has emerged as a versatile tool for the nanoscale imaging of magnetic, thermal, and transport properties of microscopic devices of quantum materials. We present the design and performance of a scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading probe of a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator. The microscope is enclosed in a custom-made vacuum-tight cell mounted at the bottom of the probe and is suspended by springs to suppress vibrations caused by the pulse tube cryocooler. Two capillaries allow for the in situ control of helium exchange gas pressure in the cell that is required for thermal imaging. A nanoscale heater is used to create local temperature gradients in the sample, which enables quantitative characterization of relative vibrations between the tip and the sample. The spectrum of the vibrations shows distinct resonant peaks with a maximal power density of about 27 nm/Hz1/2 in the in-plane direction. The performance of the SQUID-on-tip microscope is demonstrated by magnetic imaging of the MnBi2Te4 magnetic topological insulator, magnetization and current distribution imaging in a SrRuO3 ferromagnetic oxide thin film, and thermal imaging of dissipation in graphene.

Original language	English
Article number	053706
Number of pages	9
Journal	Review of Scientific Instruments
Volume	94
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0142073
Publication status	Published - 1 May 2023

Bibliographical note

This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon Research and Innovation Program (Grant No. 101089714), by the Israel Science Foundation (Grant No. 687/22), and by the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Singapore and Israel Science Foundation (ISF) under ISF-NRF joint program (Grant Nos. 3518/20 and NRF2020-NRF-ISF004-3518). E.Z. acknowledges the support from the Andre Deloro Prize for Scientific Research and Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust (Grant No. 2112-04911).

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Instrumentation

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ez_RevSciInstrum_ScanningSQUIDonTipMicroscope_PV_2023Final published version, 11.3 MBLicence: CC BY

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Zhou, H., Auerbach, N., Roy, I., Bocarsly, M., Huber, M. E., Barick, B., Pariari, A., Hücker, M., Lim, Z. S., Ariando, A., Berdyugin, A. I., Xin, N., Rappaport, M., Myasoedov, Y., & Zeldov, E. (2023). Scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading cryogen-free dilution refrigerator. Review of Scientific Instruments, 94(5), Article 053706. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0142073

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title = "Scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading cryogen-free dilution refrigerator",

abstract = "The scanning superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) fabricated on the tip of a sharp quartz pipette (SQUID-on-tip) has emerged as a versatile tool for the nanoscale imaging of magnetic, thermal, and transport properties of microscopic devices of quantum materials. We present the design and performance of a scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading probe of a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator. The microscope is enclosed in a custom-made vacuum-tight cell mounted at the bottom of the probe and is suspended by springs to suppress vibrations caused by the pulse tube cryocooler. Two capillaries allow for the in situ control of helium exchange gas pressure in the cell that is required for thermal imaging. A nanoscale heater is used to create local temperature gradients in the sample, which enables quantitative characterization of relative vibrations between the tip and the sample. The spectrum of the vibrations shows distinct resonant peaks with a maximal power density of about 27 nm/Hz1/2 in the in-plane direction. The performance of the SQUID-on-tip microscope is demonstrated by magnetic imaging of the MnBi2Te4 magnetic topological insulator, magnetization and current distribution imaging in a SrRuO3 ferromagnetic oxide thin film, and thermal imaging of dissipation in graphene.",

author = "Haibiao Zhou and Nadav Auerbach and Indranil Roy and Matan Bocarsly and Huber, {Martin E} and Barun Barick and Arnab Pariari and Markus H{\"u}cker and Lim, {Zhi Shiuh} and A Ariando and Berdyugin, {Alexey I} and Na Xin and Michael Rappaport and Yuri Myasoedov and Eli Zeldov",

note = "This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon Research and Innovation Program (Grant No. 101089714), by the Israel Science Foundation (Grant No. 687/22), and by the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Singapore and Israel Science Foundation (ISF) under ISF-NRF joint program (Grant Nos. 3518/20 and NRF2020-NRF-ISF004-3518). E.Z. acknowledges the support from the Andre Deloro Prize for Scientific Research and Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust (Grant No. 2112-04911).",

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AU - Roy, Indranil

AU - Bocarsly, Matan

AU - Huber, Martin E

AU - Barick, Barun

AU - Pariari, Arnab

AU - Hücker, Markus

AU - Lim, Zhi Shiuh

AU - Ariando, A

AU - Berdyugin, Alexey I

AU - Xin, Na

AU - Rappaport, Michael

AU - Myasoedov, Yuri

AU - Zeldov, Eli

N1 - This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon Research and Innovation Program (Grant No. 101089714), by the Israel Science Foundation (Grant No. 687/22), and by the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Singapore and Israel Science Foundation (ISF) under ISF-NRF joint program (Grant Nos. 3518/20 and NRF2020-NRF-ISF004-3518). E.Z. acknowledges the support from the Andre Deloro Prize for Scientific Research and Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust (Grant No. 2112-04911).

PY - 2023/5/1

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N2 - The scanning superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) fabricated on the tip of a sharp quartz pipette (SQUID-on-tip) has emerged as a versatile tool for the nanoscale imaging of magnetic, thermal, and transport properties of microscopic devices of quantum materials. We present the design and performance of a scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading probe of a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator. The microscope is enclosed in a custom-made vacuum-tight cell mounted at the bottom of the probe and is suspended by springs to suppress vibrations caused by the pulse tube cryocooler. Two capillaries allow for the in situ control of helium exchange gas pressure in the cell that is required for thermal imaging. A nanoscale heater is used to create local temperature gradients in the sample, which enables quantitative characterization of relative vibrations between the tip and the sample. The spectrum of the vibrations shows distinct resonant peaks with a maximal power density of about 27 nm/Hz1/2 in the in-plane direction. The performance of the SQUID-on-tip microscope is demonstrated by magnetic imaging of the MnBi2Te4 magnetic topological insulator, magnetization and current distribution imaging in a SrRuO3 ferromagnetic oxide thin film, and thermal imaging of dissipation in graphene.

AB - The scanning superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) fabricated on the tip of a sharp quartz pipette (SQUID-on-tip) has emerged as a versatile tool for the nanoscale imaging of magnetic, thermal, and transport properties of microscopic devices of quantum materials. We present the design and performance of a scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading probe of a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator. The microscope is enclosed in a custom-made vacuum-tight cell mounted at the bottom of the probe and is suspended by springs to suppress vibrations caused by the pulse tube cryocooler. Two capillaries allow for the in situ control of helium exchange gas pressure in the cell that is required for thermal imaging. A nanoscale heater is used to create local temperature gradients in the sample, which enables quantitative characterization of relative vibrations between the tip and the sample. The spectrum of the vibrations shows distinct resonant peaks with a maximal power density of about 27 nm/Hz1/2 in the in-plane direction. The performance of the SQUID-on-tip microscope is demonstrated by magnetic imaging of the MnBi2Te4 magnetic topological insulator, magnetization and current distribution imaging in a SrRuO3 ferromagnetic oxide thin film, and thermal imaging of dissipation in graphene.

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JO - Review of Scientific Instruments

JF - Review of Scientific Instruments

IS - 5

M1 - 053706

ER -

Scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading cryogen-free dilution refrigerator

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