The Neurohypophysis and Urophysis: Ancient Piscine Neurovascular Interfaces

Preethi Rajamannar; Iswarya Arokiadhas; Gil Levkowitz; Jakob Biran

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-86630-3_4

The Neurohypophysis and Urophysis: Ancient Piscine Neurovascular Interfaces

Preethi Rajamannar, Iswarya Arokiadhas, Gil Levkowitz^*, Jakob Biran^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Molecular Cell Biology

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

Abstract

Vertebrate homoeostasis is regulated by secretion of neurohormones from specialized neuroendocrine neurovascular interfaces such as the hypothalamic–neurohypophyseal system (HNS). Fish are shown to possess an additional caudal neurosecretory system (CNSS), which is termed urophysis, due to its anatomical location at the caudal spinal cord and its structural similarity to the hypophysis gland. The urophysis is a vascularized gland-like structure, which is interfaced by exceptionally large neurons termed Dahlgren cells. In contrast to the well-studied HNS of fish and mammals, the development and function of the urophysis/CNSS are not well understood, and related research has strongly declined in the last three decades. In this chapter, we summarize the main knowledge regarding the evolution, development and structure of the two neuroendocrine interfaces. Additionally, we describe the main knowledge regarding their regulatory and functional roles in fish homoeostasis. Where applicable, a general comparison to non-piscine vertebrates is described.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology
Publisher	Springer Nature
Pages	95-118
Number of pages	24
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86630-3_4
Publication status	Published - 2021

Publication series

Series	Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology
ISSN	2662-2068

Bibliographical note

We thank Ludmila Gordon for providing the image of the zebrafish HNS. JB lab is supported by grant 20-04-0055 from the Chief Scientist of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. Figures 4.1 and 4.3 were created with BioRender.com. PR is supported by a research grant for student’s fellowship from the Benoziyo Endowment Fund for the Advancement of Science and by the Weizmann–CNRS Collaboration Program. G.L. lab is supported by the Israel Science Foundation (#1511/16 and #349/21); US-Israel Bi-National Science Foundation (#2017325); Yeda-Sela Center for Basic Research (in the frame of the Weizmann Institute) and a research grant from Sagol Institute for Longevity Research. G.L. is an incumbent of the Elias Sourasky Professorial Chair.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Anatomy
Neuroscience (miscellaneous)
Developmental Neuroscience
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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10.1007/978-3-030-86630-3_4

Cite this

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abstract = "Vertebrate homoeostasis is regulated by secretion of neurohormones from specialized neuroendocrine neurovascular interfaces such as the hypothalamic–neurohypophyseal system (HNS). Fish are shown to possess an additional caudal neurosecretory system (CNSS), which is termed urophysis, due to its anatomical location at the caudal spinal cord and its structural similarity to the hypophysis gland. The urophysis is a vascularized gland-like structure, which is interfaced by exceptionally large neurons termed Dahlgren cells. In contrast to the well-studied HNS of fish and mammals, the development and function of the urophysis/CNSS are not well understood, and related research has strongly declined in the last three decades. In this chapter, we summarize the main knowledge regarding the evolution, development and structure of the two neuroendocrine interfaces. Additionally, we describe the main knowledge regarding their regulatory and functional roles in fish homoeostasis. Where applicable, a general comparison to non-piscine vertebrates is described.",

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The Neurohypophysis and Urophysis: Ancient Piscine Neurovascular Interfaces

Abstract

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