TY - JOUR
T1 - Virologs, viral mimicry, and virocell metabolism
T2 - the expanding scale of cellular functions encoded in the complex genomes of giant viruses
AU - Moniruzzaman, Mohammad
AU - Garcia, Maria Paula Erazo
AU - Farzad, Roxanna
AU - Ha, Anh D.
AU - Jivaji, Abdeali
AU - Karki, Sangita
AU - Sheyn, Uri
AU - Stanton, Joshua
AU - Minch, Benjamin
AU - Stephens, Danae
AU - Hancks, Dustin C.
AU - Rodrigues, Rodrigo A.L.
AU - Abrahao, Jonatas S.
AU - Vardi, Assaf
AU - Aylward, Frank O.
PY - 2023/9/22
Y1 - 2023/9/22
N2 - The phylum Nucleocytoviricota includes the largest and most complex viruses known. These "giant viruses"have a long evolutionary history that dates back to the early diversification of eukaryotes, and over time they have evolved elaborate strategies for manipulating the physiology of their hosts during infection. One of the most captivating of these mechanisms involves the use of genes acquired from the host - referred to here as viral homologs or "virologs"- as a means of promoting viral propagation. The best-known examples of these are involved in mimicry, in which viral machinery "imitates"immunomodulatory elements in the vertebrate defense system. But recent findings have highlighted a vast and rapidly expanding array of other virologs that include many genes not typically found in viruses, such as those involved in translation, central carbon metabolism, cytoskeletal structure, nutrient transport, vesicular trafficking, and light harvesting. Unraveling the roles of virologs during infection as well as the evolutionary pathways through which complex functional repertoires are acquired by viruses are important frontiers at the forefront of giant virus research.
AB - The phylum Nucleocytoviricota includes the largest and most complex viruses known. These "giant viruses"have a long evolutionary history that dates back to the early diversification of eukaryotes, and over time they have evolved elaborate strategies for manipulating the physiology of their hosts during infection. One of the most captivating of these mechanisms involves the use of genes acquired from the host - referred to here as viral homologs or "virologs"- as a means of promoting viral propagation. The best-known examples of these are involved in mimicry, in which viral machinery "imitates"immunomodulatory elements in the vertebrate defense system. But recent findings have highlighted a vast and rapidly expanding array of other virologs that include many genes not typically found in viruses, such as those involved in translation, central carbon metabolism, cytoskeletal structure, nutrient transport, vesicular trafficking, and light harvesting. Unraveling the roles of virologs during infection as well as the evolutionary pathways through which complex functional repertoires are acquired by viruses are important frontiers at the forefront of giant virus research.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85174641917&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/femsre/fuad053
DO - 10.1093/femsre/fuad053
M3 - Review article
C2 - 37740576
AN - SCOPUS:85174641917
SN - 0168-6445
VL - 47
JO - FEMS Microbiology Reviews
JF - FEMS Microbiology Reviews
IS - 5
M1 - fuad053
ER -