Wild emmer genome architecture and diversity elucidate wheat evolution and domestication

Raz Avni; Moran Nave; Omer Barad; Kobi Baruch; Sven O. Twardziok; Heidrun Gundlach; Iago Hale; Martin Mascher; Manuel Spannagl; Krystalee Wiebe; Katherine W. Jordan; Guy Golan; Jasline Deek; Batsheva Ben-Zvi; Gil Ben-Zvi; Axel Himmelbach; Ron P. Maclachlan; Andrew G. Sharpe; Allan Fritz; Roi Ben-David; Hikmet Budak; Tzion Fahima; Abraham Korol; Justin D. Faris; Alvaro Hernandez; Mark A. Mikel; Avraham A. Levy; Brian Steffenson; Marco Maccaferri; Roberto Tuberosa; Luigi Cattivelli; Primetta Faccioli; Aldo Ceriotti; Khalil Kashkush; Mohammad Pourkheirandish; Takao Komatsuda; Tamar Eilam; Hanan Sela; Amir Sharon; Nir Ohad; Daniel A. Chamovitz; Klaus F.X. Mayer; Nils Stein; Gil Ronen; Zvi Peleg; Curtis J. Pozniak; Eduard D. Akhunov; Assaf Distelfeld

doi:10.1126/science.aan0032

Wild emmer genome architecture and diversity elucidate wheat evolution and domestication

Raz Avni, Moran Nave, Omer Barad, Kobi Baruch, Sven O. Twardziok, Heidrun Gundlach, Iago Hale, Martin Mascher, Manuel Spannagl, Krystalee Wiebe, Katherine W. Jordan, Guy Golan, Jasline Deek, Batsheva Ben-Zvi, Gil Ben-Zvi, Axel Himmelbach, Ron P. Maclachlan, Andrew G. Sharpe, Allan Fritz, Roi Ben-DavidHikmet Budak, Tzion Fahima, Abraham Korol, Justin D. Faris, Alvaro Hernandez, Mark A. Mikel, Avraham A. Levy, Brian Steffenson, Marco Maccaferri, Roberto Tuberosa, Luigi Cattivelli, Primetta Faccioli, Aldo Ceriotti, Khalil Kashkush, Mohammad Pourkheirandish, Takao Komatsuda, Tamar Eilam, Hanan Sela, Amir Sharon, Nir Ohad, Daniel A. Chamovitz, Klaus F.X. Mayer, Nils Stein, Gil Ronen, Zvi Peleg, Curtis J. Pozniak, Eduard D. Akhunov, Assaf Distelfeld^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

590 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum spp.) is one of the founder crops that likely drove the Neolithic transition to sedentary agrarian societies in the Fertile Crescent more than 10,000 years ago. Identifying genetic modifications underlying wheat’s domestication requires knowledge about the genome of its allo-tetraploid progenitor, wild emmer (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides).We report a 10.1-gigabase assembly of the 14 chromosomes of wild tetraploid wheat, as well as analyses of gene content, genome architecture, and genetic diversity. With this fully assembled polyploid wheat genome, we identified the causal mutations in Brittle Rachis 1 (TtBtr1) genes controlling shattering, a key domestication trait. A study of genomic diversity among wild and domesticated accessions revealed genomic regions bearing the signature of selection under domestication. This reference assembly will serve as a resource for accelerating the genome-assisted improvement of modern wheat varieties.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	93-97
Number of pages	5
Journal	Science
Volume	357
Issue number	6346
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan0032
Publication status	Published - 7 Jul 2017

Funding

Supported by Israel Science Foundation (grants 999/12, 1824/12, 322/15), the German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development (GIF) grant I-1212-315.13, Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc. (IDT), the United States–Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF grants 2013396 and 2015409), USDA NIFA (National Institute of Food and Agriculture) (grant 2016-67013-24473), German Ministry of Education and Research (grants 0314000, 0315954, 031A536), Genome Canada and Genome Prairie, Saskashewan Ministry of Agriculture and Western Grains Research Foundation (CTAG2 project), U.S. Agency for International Development Middle East Research and Cooperation (grant M34-037), Italian Ministry of Education and Research Flagship InterOmics (PB05), and CREA-interomics projects. Additional support was funded from the Manna Center Program for Food Safety and Security in Tel Aviv University, Montana Plant Sciences endowment, the Lieberman-Okinow endowment at the University of Minnesota, and the Charles and Tillie Lubin Center for Plant Biotechnology at the Weizmann Institute. We thank O. Savin, I. Hamerman, A. Fiebig, and C. Wright. The WEW sequence (GenBank: LSYQ00000000) and all other WEW genomic resources can be accessed at http://wewseq.wixsite.com/consortium. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 The Authors, some rights reserved.

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Avni, R., Nave, M., Barad, O., Baruch, K., Twardziok, S. O., Gundlach, H., Hale, I., Mascher, M., Spannagl, M., Wiebe, K., Jordan, K. W., Golan, G., Deek, J., Ben-Zvi, B., Ben-Zvi, G., Himmelbach, A., Maclachlan, R. P., Sharpe, A. G., Fritz, A., ... Distelfeld, A. (2017). Wild emmer genome architecture and diversity elucidate wheat evolution and domestication. Science, 357(6346), 93-97. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan0032

@article{d1ce3d9c30384a0fbebb2fbbb12cf91c,

title = "Wild emmer genome architecture and diversity elucidate wheat evolution and domestication",

abstract = "Wheat (Triticum spp.) is one of the founder crops that likely drove the Neolithic transition to sedentary agrarian societies in the Fertile Crescent more than 10,000 years ago. Identifying genetic modifications underlying wheat{\textquoteright}s domestication requires knowledge about the genome of its allo-tetraploid progenitor, wild emmer (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides).We report a 10.1-gigabase assembly of the 14 chromosomes of wild tetraploid wheat, as well as analyses of gene content, genome architecture, and genetic diversity. With this fully assembled polyploid wheat genome, we identified the causal mutations in Brittle Rachis 1 (TtBtr1) genes controlling shattering, a key domestication trait. A study of genomic diversity among wild and domesticated accessions revealed genomic regions bearing the signature of selection under domestication. This reference assembly will serve as a resource for accelerating the genome-assisted improvement of modern wheat varieties.",

author = "Raz Avni and Moran Nave and Omer Barad and Kobi Baruch and Twardziok, {Sven O.} and Heidrun Gundlach and Iago Hale and Martin Mascher and Manuel Spannagl and Krystalee Wiebe and Jordan, {Katherine W.} and Guy Golan and Jasline Deek and Batsheva Ben-Zvi and Gil Ben-Zvi and Axel Himmelbach and Maclachlan, {Ron P.} and Sharpe, {Andrew G.} and Allan Fritz and Roi Ben-David and Hikmet Budak and Tzion Fahima and Abraham Korol and Faris, {Justin D.} and Alvaro Hernandez and Mikel, {Mark A.} and Levy, {Avraham A.} and Brian Steffenson and Marco Maccaferri and Roberto Tuberosa and Luigi Cattivelli and Primetta Faccioli and Aldo Ceriotti and Khalil Kashkush and Mohammad Pourkheirandish and Takao Komatsuda and Tamar Eilam and Hanan Sela and Amir Sharon and Nir Ohad and Chamovitz, {Daniel A.} and Mayer, {Klaus F.X.} and Nils Stein and Gil Ronen and Zvi Peleg and Pozniak, {Curtis J.} and Akhunov, {Eduard D.} and Assaf Distelfeld",

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Avni, R, Nave, M, Barad, O, Baruch, K, Twardziok, SO, Gundlach, H, Hale, I, Mascher, M, Spannagl, M, Wiebe, K, Jordan, KW, Golan, G, Deek, J, Ben-Zvi, B, Ben-Zvi, G, Himmelbach, A, Maclachlan, RP, Sharpe, AG, Fritz, A, Ben-David, R, Budak, H, Fahima, T, Korol, A, Faris, JD, Hernandez, A, Mikel, MA, Levy, AA, Steffenson, B, Maccaferri, M, Tuberosa, R, Cattivelli, L, Faccioli, P, Ceriotti, A, Kashkush, K, Pourkheirandish, M, Komatsuda, T, Eilam, T, Sela, H, Sharon, A, Ohad, N, Chamovitz, DA, Mayer, KFX, Stein, N, Ronen, G, Peleg, Z, Pozniak, CJ, Akhunov, ED & Distelfeld, A 2017, 'Wild emmer genome architecture and diversity elucidate wheat evolution and domestication', Science, vol. 357, no. 6346, pp. 93-97. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan0032

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T1 - Wild emmer genome architecture and diversity elucidate wheat evolution and domestication

AU - Avni, Raz

AU - Nave, Moran

AU - Barad, Omer

AU - Baruch, Kobi

AU - Twardziok, Sven O.

AU - Gundlach, Heidrun

AU - Hale, Iago

AU - Mascher, Martin

AU - Spannagl, Manuel

AU - Wiebe, Krystalee

AU - Jordan, Katherine W.

AU - Golan, Guy

AU - Deek, Jasline

AU - Ben-Zvi, Batsheva

AU - Ben-Zvi, Gil

AU - Himmelbach, Axel

AU - Maclachlan, Ron P.

AU - Sharpe, Andrew G.

AU - Fritz, Allan

AU - Ben-David, Roi

AU - Budak, Hikmet

AU - Fahima, Tzion

AU - Korol, Abraham

AU - Faris, Justin D.

AU - Hernandez, Alvaro

AU - Mikel, Mark A.

AU - Levy, Avraham A.

AU - Steffenson, Brian

AU - Maccaferri, Marco

AU - Tuberosa, Roberto

AU - Cattivelli, Luigi

AU - Faccioli, Primetta

AU - Ceriotti, Aldo

AU - Kashkush, Khalil

AU - Pourkheirandish, Mohammad

AU - Komatsuda, Takao

AU - Eilam, Tamar

AU - Sela, Hanan

AU - Sharon, Amir

AU - Ohad, Nir

AU - Chamovitz, Daniel A.

AU - Mayer, Klaus F.X.

AU - Stein, Nils

AU - Ronen, Gil

AU - Peleg, Zvi

AU - Pozniak, Curtis J.

AU - Akhunov, Eduard D.

AU - Distelfeld, Assaf

PY - 2017/7/7

Y1 - 2017/7/7

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AB - Wheat (Triticum spp.) is one of the founder crops that likely drove the Neolithic transition to sedentary agrarian societies in the Fertile Crescent more than 10,000 years ago. Identifying genetic modifications underlying wheat’s domestication requires knowledge about the genome of its allo-tetraploid progenitor, wild emmer (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides).We report a 10.1-gigabase assembly of the 14 chromosomes of wild tetraploid wheat, as well as analyses of gene content, genome architecture, and genetic diversity. With this fully assembled polyploid wheat genome, we identified the causal mutations in Brittle Rachis 1 (TtBtr1) genes controlling shattering, a key domestication trait. A study of genomic diversity among wild and domesticated accessions revealed genomic regions bearing the signature of selection under domestication. This reference assembly will serve as a resource for accelerating the genome-assisted improvement of modern wheat varieties.

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DO - 10.1126/science.aan0032

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SN - 0036-8075

VL - 357

SP - 93

EP - 97

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6346

ER -

Wild emmer genome architecture and diversity elucidate wheat evolution and domestication

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